In-situ Data Analytics In Cyber-Physical Systems

Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is an engineered system in which sensing, networking, and computing are tightly coupled with the control of the physical entities. To enable security, scalability and resiliency, new data analytics methodologies are required for computing, monitoring and optimization in CPS. This work investigates the data analytics related challenges in CPS through two study cases: Smart Grid and Seismic Imaging System. For smart grid, this work provides a complete solution for system management based on novel in-situ data analytics designs. We first propose methodologies for two important tasks of power system monitoring: grid topology change and power-line outage detection. To address the issue of low measurement redundancy in topology identification, particularly in the low-level distribution network, we develop a maximum a posterior based mechanism, which is capable of embedding prior information on the breakers status to enhance the identification accuracy. In power-line outage detection, existing approaches suffer from high computational complexity and security issues raised from centralized implementation. Instead, this work presents a distributed data analytics framework, which carries out in-network processing and invokes low computational complexity, requiring only simple matrix-vector multiplications. To complete the system functionality, we also propose a new power grid restoration strategy involving data analytics for topology reconfiguration and resource planning after faults or changes. In seismic imaging system, we develop several innovative in-situ seismic imaging schemes in which each sensor node computes the tomography based on its partial information and through gossip with local neighbors. The seismic data are generated in a distributed fashion originally. Different from the conventional approach involving data collection and then processing in order, our proposed in-situ data computing methodology is much more efficient. The underlying mechanisms avoid the bottleneck problem on bandwidth since all the data are processed distributed in nature and only limited decisional information is communicated. Furthermore, the proposed algorithms can deliver quicker insights than the state-of-arts in seismic imaging. Hence they are more promising solutions for real-time in-situ data analytics, which is highly demanded in disaster monitoring related applications. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed data computing methods are able to achieve near-optimal high quality seismic tomography, retain low communication cost, and provide real-time seismic data analytics. INDEX WORDS: Cyber-Physical System, Smart Grid, Seismic Imaging System, In-Network Processing, In-Situ Analytics, Distributed Computing. IN-SITU DATA ANALYTICS IN CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS